What is a vector-borne disease?

A vector-borne disease is defined specifically as one that is transmitted to humans or animals through vectors, which are typically living organisms like insects. These vectors may include mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas that carry pathogens from one host to another, facilitating the spread of diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, Lyme disease, and Zika virus.

The hallmark of vector-borne diseases is the reliance on an intermediary organism for the transmission of the causative agent, which distinguishes them from other types of diseases. For example, contaminated water leads to waterborne diseases, genetic factors pertain to inherited conditions, and direct contact with infected individuals relates to contagious diseases. Understanding this distinction helps in identifying appropriate prevention and control measures for vector-borne diseases, highlighting their impact on public health.